At what point does the technology value stream typically begin in DevOps?

When the code is checked into version control

When the business hypothesis is formulated

When the application is running in production

When QA and testing are initiated

Question $4$

How is the DevOps ideal of achieving deployment lead times of minutes primarily accomplished?

By continuously checking small code changes into version control and automating testing and deployment

By performing exploratory testing

By relying on manual testing

By tightly coupling applications