B (13 Marks)

Todays Data communication technology includes high-bandwidth transmission mediums such as optical

fiber, which has a bandwidth more than that needed for the average transmission signal. If the bandwidth

of a link is greater than the bandwidth needs of the devices connected to it, the bandwidth is wasted and an

efficient system maximizes the utilization and minimizes the wastage of the link bandwidth. For

maximizing utilization and minimizing wastage of the bandwidth of the link multiple techniques are using

by the data communication systems.

Write a detailed answer about those techniques of at least four (2) pages which must cover the following.

1. The technique of increasing link efficiency and avoiding bandwidth wastage in the Telephone

Network (PSTN).

2. The technique of increasing link efficiency and avoiding bandwidth wastage in the Terriesterial

Fiber optic network.

3. The Technique of increasing link efficiency and avoiding bandwidth wastage in Computer Digital

Networks.

Diagrams and illustrations in the explanation of your answer will be appreciated.