B=15500 bits/sec

The following parameters are defined for a switching network: N = 4 = number of hops between two given end systems L = 6000 = message length in bits B = data rate, in bits per second (bps), on all links P = 1080 = fixed packet size, in bits H = 80 = overhead (header) bits per packet S 0.2 call setup time (circuit switching or virtual circuit) in seconds 0.02 = call teardown time (circuit switching or virtual circuit) in seconds D 0.001 = propagation delay per hop in seconds = = T = = Relevant equations (+Tp) (+N-1) +ND + ( + Tvc) (+N- 1 + N -1) + ND+T S+ + ND+T S + lactand 70AAabit Given the same parameters as problem (2) (except B=15500 bits/sec), what is the minimum number of hops N where circuit switching have lower end-to-end delay than datagram switching? Here use setup time S = 0.35 sec and teardown time T = 0.02 sec