Question: Based on the data table provided below, answer the following question: Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis 1. For each cost number, check whether it is a fixed or
Based on the data table provided below, answer the following question:
Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis 1. For each cost number, check whether it is a fixed or variable cost. Explain your choice. 2. Calculate the break-even point in units and in euros. For the calculation suppose that you produce and sell only one product.1 3. Set a target profit that the business should achieve in Year 1. Calculate the sales volume needed, in units and in euros, to achieve the target profit. 4. Consider an advertising campaign that would increase your sales by 10%. By how much would the operating income shown in (3) increase or decrease if the campaign is realized?
| a. Supporting schedules | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| i/ Sales budget | ||||||||||||||
| Month | Forecasted unit sales of coffee roasting | x Price per unit ($) | Total gross sales | - Sales discounts & allowances | = Total net Sales | Forecasted unit sales of coffee beans | x Price per unit ($) | Total gross sales | - Sales discounts & allowances | = Total net Sales | ||||
| Jan | 50000 | 5 | 250000 | 900 | 249100 | 30000 | 8 | 240000 | 600 | 239400 | ||||
| Feb | 50000 | 5 | 250000 | 1000 | 249000 | 32000 | 8 | 256000 | 610 | 255390 | ||||
| Mar | 65000 | 5 | 325000 | 1540 | 323460 | 31000 | 8 | 248000 | 604 | 247396 | ||||
| Apr | 70000 | 5 | 350000 | 2444 | 347556 | 35000 | 8 | 280000 | 650 | 279350 | ||||
| May | 61000 | 5 | 305000 | 1760 | 303240 | 40000 | 8 | 320000 | 700 | 319300 | ||||
| Jun | 65000 | 5 | 325000 | 2212 | 322788 | 41000 | 8 | 328000 | 750 | 327250 | ||||
| Jul | 80000 | 5 | 400000 | 2500 | 397500 | 43000 | 8 | 344000 | 750 | 343250 | ||||
| Aug | 85000 | 5 | 425000 | 3200 | 421800 | 35000 | 8 | 280000 | 650 | 279350 | ||||
| Sep | 90000 | 5 | 450000 | 3372 | 446628 | 37000 | 8 | 296000 | 670 | 295330 | ||||
| Oct | 91000 | 5 | 455000 | 3604 | 451396 | 41000 | 8 | 328000 | 750 | 327250 | ||||
| No | 93000 | 5 | 465000 | 3690 | 461310 | 45000 | 8 | 360000 | 780 | 359220 | ||||
| Dec | 95000 | 5 | 475000 | 3700 | 471300 | 50000 | 8 | 400000 | 800 | 399200 | ||||
| Total | 895000 | 4475000 | 460000 | 3680000 | 8155000 | |||||||||
| ii/ Cash collection from customer | 1355000 | |||||||||||||
| 1/ Coffee roasting | ||||||||||||||
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | No | Dec | |||
| Cash sales | 74730 | 74700 | 97038 | 104266.8 | 90972 | 96836.4 | 119250 | 126540 | 133988.4 | 135418.8 | 138393 | 141390 | ||
| Collection of credit sales: | ||||||||||||||
| 30% of current month credit sales | 52311 | 52290 | 67926.6 | 72986.76 | 63680.4 | 67785.48 | 83475 | 88578 | 93791.88 | 94793.16 | 96875.1 | 98973 | ||
| 70% of prior month credit sales | - | 122059 | 122010 | 158495.4 | 170302.44 | 148587.6 | 158166.12 | 194775 | 206682 | 218847.7 | 221184 | 226041.9 | ||
| Total collection of credit sales | 52311 | 174349 | 189936.6 | 231482.16 | 233982.84 | 216373.08 | 241641.12 | 283353 | 300473.88 | 313640.9 | 318059.1 | 325014.9 | ||
| Total cash collections | 127041 | 249049 | 286974.6 | 335748.96 | 324954.84 | 313209.48 | 360891.12 | 409893 | 434462.28 | 449059.7 | 456452.1 | 466404.9 | 4214141 | |
| 2/ Coffee bean | ||||||||||||||
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | No | Dec | |||
| Cash sales | 71820 | 76617 | 74218.8 | 83805 | 95790 | 98175 | 102975 | 83805 | 88599 | 98175 | 107766 | 119760 | ||
| Collection of credit sales: | ||||||||||||||
| 30% of current month credit sales | 50274 | 53631.9 | 51953.16 | 58663.5 | 67053 | 68722.5 | 72082.5 | 58663.5 | 62019.3 | 68722.5 | 75436.2 | 83832 | ||
| 70% of prior month credit sales | - | 117306 | 125141.1 | 121224.04 | 136881.5 | 156457 | 160352.5 | 168192.5 | 136881.5 | 144711.7 | 160352.5 | 176017.8 | ||
| Total collection of credit sales | 50274 | 170937.9 | 177094.26 | 179887.54 | 203934.5 | 225179.5 | 232435 | 226856 | 198900.8 | 213434.2 | 235788.7 | 259849.8 | ||
| Total cash collecions | 122094 | 247554.9 | 251313.06 | 263692.54 | 299724.5 | 323354.5 | 335410 | 310661 | 287499.8 | 311609.2 | 343554.7 | 379609.8 | 3476078 | 7690219 |
| iii/ Purchases and cost-of-goods-sold budget | ||||||||||||||
| 1/ Coffee roasting | ||||||||||||||
| Average COGS percentage for Coffee roasting is 40% of sales, and keep a target inventory of at least 50% of next month's COGS | ||||||||||||||
| Quarter Ended March 31 | Quarter Ended June 30 | Quarter Ended September 30 | Quarter Ended December 31 | |||||||||||
| Cost of good sold (=40% x sales) | 330000 | 392000 | 510000 | 558000 | ||||||||||
| Plus: Desired ending merchandise inventory | 196000 | 255000 | 279000 | 290000 | 1020000 | |||||||||
| Total merchandise inventory required | 526000 | 647000 | 789000 | 848000 | ||||||||||
| Less: Beginning merchandise inventory | 95000 | 105000 | 200000 | 250000 | ||||||||||
| Budgeted purchases | 431000 | 542000 | 589000 | 598000 | 2160000 | |||||||||
| 2/ Coffee bean | ||||||||||||||
| Average COGS percentage for Coffee bean is 35% of sales, and keep a target inventory of at least 50% of next month's COGS | ||||||||||||||
| Quarter Ended March 31 | Quarter Ended June 30 | Quarter Ended September 30 | Quarter Ended December 31 | |||||||||||
| Cost of good sold (=35% x sales) | 260400 | 324800 | 322000 | 380800 | ||||||||||
| Plus: Desired ending merchandise inventory | 162400 | 161000 | 190400 | 200000 | 713800 | |||||||||
| Total merchandise inventory required | 422800 | 485800 | 512400 | 580800 | ||||||||||
| Less: Beginning merchandise inventory | 80000 | 85000 | 92000 | 110000 | ||||||||||
| Budgeted purchases | 342800 | 400800 | 420400 | 470800 | 1634800 | |||||||||
| 3794800 | ||||||||||||||
| iv/Cash disbursements from purchases | ||||||||||||||
| Coffee roasting | Coffee bean | |||||||||||||
| Quarter Ended March 31 | Quarter Ended June 30 | Quarter Ended September 30 | Quarter Ended December 31 | Quarter Ended March 31 | Quarter Ended June 30 | Quarter Ended September 30 | Quarter Ended December 31 | |||||||
| Budgeted Purchases | 431000 | 542000 | 589000 | 598000 | 342800 | 400800 | 420400 | 470800 | ||||||
| Budgeted Cash Disbursements (=50% budgeted purchase) | 215500 | 271000 | 294500 | 299000 | 171400 | 200400 | 210200 | 235400 | 1897400 | 1897400 | ||||
| v/ Operating expenses budget | ||||||||||||||
| Variable operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||
| Commission expense, 15% of sales | 1223250 | |||||||||||||
| Miscellaneous expenses, 5% of sales | 407750 | |||||||||||||
| Total variable operating expenses: | 1631000 | |||||||||||||
| Fixed operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||
| Salary expense, fixed amount | 611625 | |||||||||||||
| Rent expense, fixed amount | 400000 | |||||||||||||
| Depreciation expense, fixed amount | 150000 | |||||||||||||
| Insurance expense, fixed amount | 48930 | |||||||||||||
| Total fixed operating expenses | 1210555 | |||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 2841555 | |||||||||||||
| vii. Cash disbursements from operating expenses | ||||||||||||||
| Variable operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||
| Commission expense, 15% of sales | 1223250 | |||||||||||||
| Miscellaneous expenses, 5% of sales | 407750 | |||||||||||||
| Total variable operating expenses: | 1631000 | |||||||||||||
| Fixed operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||
| Salary expense, fixed amount | 611625 | |||||||||||||
| Rent expense, fixed amount | 400000 | |||||||||||||
| Insurance expense, fixed amount | 48930 | |||||||||||||
| Total fixed operating expenses | 1060555 | |||||||||||||
| Total cash disbursements | 2691555 | |||||||||||||
| b. Operating budget (budgeted income statement) | ||||||||||||||
| Sales | 8155000 | |||||||||||||
| Cost-of-goods-sold | 2854250 | |||||||||||||
| Gross Profit | 5300750 | |||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses | 2841555 | |||||||||||||
| Operating Income | 2459195 | |||||||||||||
| Less: Interest Expenses | 40000 | |||||||||||||
| Less: Provision Income Tax | 483839 | |||||||||||||
| Net Income | 1935356 | |||||||||||||
| c. Financial budget | ||||||||||||||
| i/ Capital budget | ||||||||||||||
| ii/ Cash budget | ||||||||||||||
| Beginning cash balance | 100000 | |||||||||||||
| Cash receipts and disbursements | ||||||||||||||
| Collections from customers | 7690219 | |||||||||||||
| -Payments for purchases | 1897400 | |||||||||||||
| -Payments for operating expenses | 2691555 | |||||||||||||
| -Payments for capital investment | 500000 | |||||||||||||
| Net cash receipts and disbursements | 2601264 | |||||||||||||
| Total cash available | 2701264 | |||||||||||||
| Minimum cash balance | 1000000 | |||||||||||||
| Excess (deficiency) of cash | 1701264 | |||||||||||||
| Financing | ||||||||||||||
| Borrowing (at beginning of year) | 700000 | |||||||||||||
| Repayment (at end of year) | 200000 | |||||||||||||
| Interest payment (only in months where repayment) | 40000 | |||||||||||||
| Total cash increase (decrease) from financing | 540000 | |||||||||||||
| Ending cash balance | 2161264 | |||||||||||||
| iii/ Budgeted balance sheet | ||||||||||||||
| Non-current assets | 750000 | |||||||||||||
| Current assets | ||||||||||||||
| Inventories | 1733800 | |||||||||||||
| Trade receivables | 8155000 | |||||||||||||
| Cash | 2161264 | |||||||||||||
| 12050064 | ||||||||||||||
| Total assets | 12800064 | |||||||||||||
| Equity | ||||||||||||||
| Owner's equity | 8483469 | |||||||||||||
| Retained profit | 1935356 | |||||||||||||
| 10418825 | ||||||||||||||
| Current liabilities | ||||||||||||||
| Trade payable | 1897400 | |||||||||||||
| Taxation | 483839 | |||||||||||||
| 2381239 | ||||||||||||||
| Total equity and liabilities | 12800064 |
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