based on the given lab assignment,

1) What is the reason for extracting the organic layer (ether) with 10 mL of water (Part II; step 2)?

2) What is the purpose of making the solution acidic, i.e., adding 10% HCl (Part II, Step 3)?

3) What would happen if you added 5% HCl instead of 10% HCl?

4) If you discovered that one of the unknowns is an organic acid:

a) What characteristic chemical shift/range (include units) would you expect to see in the proton NMR spectrum?

b) What stretch frequency range (with units) would you anticipate for this functional group in the IR spectrum?

In this part of the experiment, a mixture is containing either an acidic or basic compound, and a neutral compound is to be separated into the individual components. The flow chart on the next page will coordinate these steps. Pour the unknown solution into a 250mL separatory funnel. Rinse the Erlenmeyer flask with 5mL of ether and add this rinse to the separatory funnel. PART II Extraction of the acid (if present): NOTE: If you definitely got a solid or emulsion in Part I, you DO NOT need to perform this procedure; skip ahead to Part III. 1. Extract the organic acid (carboxylic) from the ether layer from Part I using two 25mL portions of 5\% sodium hydroxide. Draw off the lower aqueous layer, leaving the upper ether layer, for each extraction and combine these aqueous layers into the same 125mL Erlenmeyer flask. This will be your ORGANIC ACID EXTRACTION. Label appropriately. 2. Extract the ether in the separatory funnel with 10mL of water and combine this with the rest of the ORGANIC ACID EXTRACTION, leaving the ether layer in the separatory funnel. Set the separatory funnel aside for later. 3. Chill the ORGANIC ACID EXTRACTION flask in an ice bath and make it very acidic (lower the pH) by adding 10% hydrochloric acid until the solution is very acidic (pH