Based on the p-value: If p-value < 0.05, reject the null hypothesis. This suggests that the advertising firm should consider targeting each racial group differently, as their TV watching habits differ. If p-value 0.05, do not reject the null hypothesis. This suggests that there is no significant difference in TV watching habits among the racial groups, and the firm may not need to differentiate their strategy based on race.

Additional Question: When to Use ANOVA Instead of t-Tests

Use ANOVA when: You are comparing the means of three or more groups. In this case, ANOVA is appropriate because it can handle multiple groups simultaneously. Why t-Tests are Inappropriate: t-Tests are designed to compare the means of only two groups. Using multiple t-tests for more than two groups increases the risk of Type I error (false positives) because each test is conducted at the same significance level, compounding the error rate. ANOVA controls for this by testing all groups simultaneously under a single significance level.