Based on the quotes below, identify which negotiation tactic is being used by selecting it from the drop$-$down list.

The National Football League should be ordered by a federal judge to end its lockout of players, quarterbacks Tom Brady, Drew Brees, and Peyton Manning said in a court filing.

Cooper Tire & Rubber Co$.$ said Monday that it locked union workers out of a Windsor, Ontario plant after talks on a new contract failed. Cooper has been negotiating for three months with the United Steelworkers. The union's members voted down a tentative three$-$year agreement last week by a $2-$to$-1$ margin.

Despite warnings that production of Boeing's next$-$generation $777$ plane could go to another country, machinists in Canada voted late Wednesday to reject a contract proposal that would have exchanged concessions for decades of secure jobs. In response, the Boeing Co$.$ said it would begin a bid process to find a home for its $777$X production line.