Below is a circuit diagram for a bidirectional shift register using D flip$-$flops.

$($i$)$ Is this a Mealy Machine or a Moore Machine? Is it a SIPO, PIPO, SISO, or PISO? Does it step on the rising edge of the clock or falling edge of the clock?

$($ii$)$ Describe function, working principles, and applications of this circuit in words. Describe how we can add Load and Clear inputs, how they would work and what additional functionality they provide.

$($iii$)$ Implement a $4-$bit bidirectional shift register and perform the following operations:

$1.$ Input the initial data of $1101.$

$2.$ Shift the data to the right twice.

$3.$ Shift the data to the left once.

$4.$ Input new data of $1010.$

$5.$ Shift the data to the right once.

$6.$ Shift the data to the left twice.

Fill the empty cells in following Table cells for Solution for each task $1.$through $6.$ The first row is already filled.

$($iv$)$ Give State diagram for this circuit. Then Implement same

$\backslash$begin$\{$tabular$\}\{|$c$|$l$|$l$|$l$|\}$

$\backslash$hline Task & Input & Shift & Output $\backslash \backslash$

$\backslash$hline $1$ & $1101$ & XXXX & $1101\backslash \backslash$

$\backslash$hline $2$ & & & $\backslash \backslash$

$\backslash$hline $3$ & & & $\backslash \backslash$

$\backslash$hline $4$ & & & $\backslash \backslash$

$\backslash$hline $5$ & & & $\backslash \backslash$

$\backslash$hline $6$ & & & $\backslash \backslash$

$\backslash$hline

$\backslash$end$\{$tabular$\}$

shift register using JK flip$-$flops instead of D flip$-$flop. Give any or all the steps $($a$)$ through $($h$)$ given in instruction page. Consult Guidelines $1-7,$ in section $14\mathrm{.}3$ in your textbook as well.

$($v$)$ Describe the shift register implementing MUX and D$-$flip$-$flop given in chapter $12.$ Provide the steps $($a$)$ through $($h$).$ Consult Guidelines $1-7,$ in section $14\mathrm{.}3$ in your textbook as well.