By using logic, sketches, and relevant design equations, answer the following questions about surge tanks. $($a$)$ Does a surge tank eliminate elevated pressures because of water hammer in the entire pipeline? If not, what portions of the pipeline will still be subject to some increase in pressure? Refer to Figure $4\mathrm{.}15.($b$)$ What concepts $($fundamental principles$)$ are used in the derivation of Equation $4\mathrm{.}31?($c$)$ What limitations are placed on the use of Equation $4\mathrm{.}31?$