Case $3\mathrm{.}1$: Analysis Case

Based on Microsoft's $[$MSFT$]$ most recent Form $10-$K report $($accessed through the SEC EDGAR database or

from the company's website$),$ complete the following requirements and address the questions presented.

A$.$ What are the causes of an increasing or decreasing sales number? In addition, calculate sales growth and

operating expense growth for each two years presented. What are the potential reasons for the increase or

decrease in the trend of sales growth or operating expense growth?

B$.$ Discuss all reasons that could explain an increase or decrease in gross profit margin, operating profit margin,

and net profit margin. Discuss the items that are included in a company's comprehensive income. What are

the reasons for the increase or decrease in those items if any?

C$.$ Using the consolidated statements of stockholders' equity for the company, explain the key reasons for the

changes in the common stock, accumulated other comprehensive income, and retained earnings accounts.

Evaluate these changes.