CASE STUDY Read the below case study and answer the questions that follow: 30 Marks Port of Mossel Bay Ready to Serve Oil and Gas Industry Following Total Gas Find Transnet National Ports Authority (TNPA) says the Port of Mossel Bay is well equipped to provide value following global energy giant Totals significant gas condensate discovery on the Brulpadda prospects, located on Block 11B/12B in the Outeniqua Basin, 175 kilometres off the southern coast of South Africa. Mossel Bay Port Manager Shadrack Tshikalange said the ports role in the drilling expedition involved providing land and quay space for the logistics base operations, as well as marine services such as piloting, berthing, craft services and vessel and traffic control, to the vessels involved in the exercise. The oil rig Deepsea Stavanger operated off this coastline and a number of vessels for the emerging oil industry called at Mossel Bay. During this particular exploration exercise the various supply vessels made regular use of our berths. Our port is also able to provide a craft service to do crew changes and stores delivery offshore, said Tshikalange. Mossel Bay is the only South African port that operates two off-shore mooring points within port limits. It is also home to one of only a few gas-to-liquids refineries around the world and South Africas smallest refinery, Mossgas, built by South Africas national oil company Petro SA in 1989, though the port deals mostly with the fishing industry. The Brulpadda find contains condensates a kind of light crude oil which only PetroSAs Mossel Bay refinery can process. In its own statement the South African government said: Cabinet has lauded the offshore discovery of gas condensate by oil company Total that could contain one billion barrels of resources, which will significantly boost the countrys oil and gas supplies. It said the gas discovery ties into governments efforts to develop the ocean economy through the second phase of its Operation Phakisa. Governments Operation Phakisa: Oceans Economy programme is at work in Mossel Bay, where a slipway upgrade is in the pipeline and the port has entered into a Service Level Agreement with PetroSA to provide SETA accredited apprenticeship training to 15 youth from previously disadvantaged communities in Mossel Bay. Source: Bob Whitehouse (Shipping News 2019) Answer all the questions below: 1. Mention the two ports within which the port of Mossel Bay is situated. (2) 2. In your own words define the term mooring as well as mention three different ways that can be used to moor a ship. (5) 3. What is the most prominent forms of transport that will be used to move the discovered oil and gas from shore to plant? (2) 4. What are some of the supplies brought for crew working on oil and gas rigs? (4) 5. List the different work streams that the Oceans Economy is focusing on under Operation Phakisa (6) 6. Which Seta is tasked with maritime related training in South Africa? (1) 7. Discuss the challenges the above organization faces to implement its mandate in the maritime sector. (8) 8. There is a strong push to get fossil fuels off the market and move to cleaner forms of energy. How do you think this discovery of oil will affect South Africas transition to cleaner forms of energy? (2)