Case Summary and Key Lessons:The case discusses the enabling role of blockchain technology to reimagine and reengineer the invoice processing between Walmart and its freight carriers. The key lessons from this case are:

• Blockchain is still a "foundational" technology in its infancy with initial use cases driven by solving problems that enable significant cost and timing savings while accelerating the required learning curve.
• Walmart Canada has actually implemented an application that leverages Blockchain and has significantly improved its logistics operations

Hype Cycle for Blockchain, 2021 Stablecoins Nonfungible Tokens (NFT) Decentralized Identity DeF Layer 2 Solutions Blockchain and loT Blockchain Interoperability Smart Contract Oracle SMPC Tokenization Decentralized Exchanges Zero-Knowledge Proofs Smart Contracts Decentralized Web EXPECTATIONS Authenticated Provenance Cryptocurrencies CeDeFi/CeDeX Blockchain Platforms Decentralized Applications Blockchain Paas Blockchain Wallets Consensus Mechanisms As of July 2021 Innovation Peak of Inflated Trough of Slope of Plateau of Trigger Expectations Disillusionment Enlightenment Productivity TIME Plateau will be reached: () 10 vrs. x Obsolete before plateau Source: Gartner (July 2021)How do Hype Cycles work? Each Hype Cycle drills down into the five key phases of a technology's life cycle. 0 Innovation Trigger: A potential technology breakthrough kicks things off. Early proof-of- concept stories and media interest trigger significant publicity. Often no usable products exist and commercial viability is unproven. 0 Peak of Inated Expectations: Early publicity produces a number of success stories often accompanied by scores of failures. Some companies take action; many do not. . TroughofDisillusionment: Interest wanes as experiments and implementations fail to deliver. Producers of the technology shake out or fail. Investments continue only if the surviving providers improve their products to the satisfaction of early adopters. o Slope of Enlightenment: More instances of how the technology can benefit the enterprise start to crystallize and become more widely understood. Second- and third-generation products appear from technology providers. More enterprises fund pilots; conservative companies remain cautious. - Plateau of Productivity: Mainstream adoption starts to take off. Criteria for assessing provider viability are more clearly defined. The technology's broad market applicability and relevance are clearly paying off. Article What Problems Will You Solve with Blockchain? Teppo Felin, Karim R. LakhaniArticle What We've Learned So Far About Blockchain for Business Mary Lacity