Chapter 5 problem EXAMPLE: Gender of Children Table 4-1 Probabilities of Girls A study consists of randomly selecting 14 x (girls) P(x) newbom babies and counting the number of girls 0 0.000 (as in the Chapter Problem). If we assume that 0.001 boys and girls are equally likely and if we let 0.006 x = number of girls among 14 babies 0.022 0.061 Then x is a random variable because its value 0.122 depends on chance. The possible values of x are 0, 0.183 1, 2, ..., 14. Table 4-1 lists the values of x along 0.209 with the corresponding probabilities. (In Section 0.183 5-3 we will see how to find the probability values, 0.122 such as those listed in Table 4-1.) Because Table 0.061 4-1 gives the probability for each value of the 11 0.022 random variable .x, that table describes a 12 0.006 probability distribution. 13 0.001 14 0.000 Determine whether Gender Selection Technique is Effective. Assume that in a test of a gender-selection technique, a clinical trial results in 12 girls in 14 births. Refer to Table 4-1 and find the indicated probabilities. a. Find the probability of exactly 12 girls in 14 births. b. Find the probability of 12 or more girls in 14 births. c. Which probability is relevant for determining whether 12 girls in 14 births is unusually high: the result from part (a) or part (b)? d. Does 12 girls in 14 births suggest that the gender-selection technique is effective? Why or why not