Cloud Computing Theory and Practice chapter 2 problem 3 The run-time of a data-intensive application could be days, or possibly weeks, even on a powerful supercomputer. Checkpoints are taken for a long-running computation periodically and when a crash occurs the computation is restarted from the latest checkpoint. This strategy is also useful for program and model debugging; when one observes wrong partial results the computation can be restarted from a checkpoint where the partial results seem to be right. Express , the slowdown due to checkpointing, for a computation when checkpoints are taken after a run lasting units of time and each checkpoint requires units of time. Discuss optimal choices for and . The checkpoint data can be stored locally, on the secondary storage of each processor, or on a dedicated storage server accessible via a high-speed network. Which solution is optimal and why