: Configure a $(4,3)$ even parity error$-$detection code such that parity symbol appears the leftmost symbol

of the code word. Which error patterns can code defects? Compute of an undetected messages error,

assuming that all symbol errors are independent events and the probability of channel symbol error $p={10}^{-3}.$

$[20$ Marks$]$

Hint: $,P_{nd}={\displaystyle \underset{j=1}{\overset{?}{}}}$