Consider a residential structure which has a $4m$ high penthouse projection. There is a $0\mathrm{.}75m$ parapet around the top of the penthouse and the roof perimeter. The building is located in London, Ontario. The structure is $12m36m$; the penthouse is centered on the roof and is $5mx8m.$

a$)$ Determine the value of $C_{a0}$ and $x_d$ for a drift forming on the east side of the penthouse. Illustrate with a sketch. $(22$ marks$)$

b$)$ Determine the value of $C_{a0}$ and $x_d$ for a drift forming along the east parapet. $(4$ marks$)$

c$)$ Determine the value of $C_{a0}$ and $x_d$ for a drift forming around a $1m1m1m$ projection. $(2$ marks$)$

d$)$ Determine the value of $C_{a0}$ and $x_d$ for a drift forming around a $3mx3m3m$ projection. $(4$ marks$)$

e$)$ Determine the specified snow load $($ kPa on the east side of the penthouse up to the parapet at ULS and SLS$.$ Illustrate with a sketch for the ULS case only. $(12$ marks$)$

Note: all sketches should represent the snow loads as is typically done on structural drawings.