Consider the following memory-hierarchy-based question: Consider a two-level memory hierarchy made of Li and L2 data caches. Assume that both caches use write-back policy on write hit and both have the same block size. List the actions taken in response to the following events:

(a) An L1 cache miss when the caches are organized in an inclusive hierarchy. An inclusive hierarchy means that the upper level (e.g., L1) contains data that is a proper subset of that contained in the lower level (e.g., L2). Also consider the possibility that the evicted line might be clean or dirty.

(b) An L1 cache miss when the caches are organized in an exclusive hierarchy. An exclusive hierarchy means that the intersection between the data contained in the upper level (e.g., L1) and that contained in the lower level (e.g., L2) is empty. Also consider the possibility that the evicted line mightbe clean or dirty.