Consider the following program written in a C$-$like syntax.

Assume parameters are passed by value and that this code compiles.

int a$,$ b$,$ c$,$ d;

$//$ global variables initially $0$

void g$1($int b; int c$)$

$\{$

print$(\%$d $\%$d $\%$d $\%$d$,$ a$,$ b$,$ c$,$ d$)$;

$\}$

void g$2($int a; int c$)$

$\{$

g$1($a$,$c$)$;

$\}$

int g$3($int c; int a$)$

$\{$

int b;

b $=3$;

g$1($a$,$b$)$;

$\{$ int c;

int d;

d $=4$;

c $=8$;

g$2($a$,$b$)$;

$\}$

g$1($a$,$b$)$;

return b;

$\}$

void main$()$

$\{$

int a;

int b;

a $=4$;

b $=5$;

a $=$ g$3($b$,$c$)$;

g$3($b$,$a$)$; $//$ return value ignored

$\}$