Question: Consider the linear regression model without the intercept term y = x + l o n , where = ( 1 , cdots, p )
Consider the linear regression model without the intercept term where cdots, are regression coefficients, the number of regressors equals the number of observations, cdots, represents the response variable, the design matrix is the identity matrix of size and the random error has zero mean and variancecovariance matrix equal to For a given penalty parameter the variance and the bias of the ridge estimator of the th regression coefficient, for any jincdots, are
and respectively
and respectively
and respectively
and respectively
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