Descriptive statistics help researchers describe what the data show without making conclusions beyond the data itself. Descriptive statistics plays a crucial role in the field of data analysis and helps summarize and present the features of a dataset, communication, and further statistical procedures. They include measures of central tendency (such as the mean, median, and mode), which describe the typical or average value; measures of variability (such as the range and standard deviation), which show how spread out the data are; and graphs or tables (such as histograms and frequency distributions) that visually present the data