Directional versus nondirectional hypothesis testing.Cho and Abe (2013) provided a commentary on the appropriate use of one-tailed and two-tailed tests in behavioral research. In their discussion, they outlined the following hypothetical null and alternative hypotheses to test a research hypothesis that males self-disclose more than females:

• H0: males females 0
• H1: males females> 0

1. What type of test is set up with these hypotheses, a directional test or a nondirectional test? ____________________________________________________
2. Do these hypotheses encompass all possibilities for the population mean? Explain. ____________________________________________________