Question: Early computers did not have Direct Memory Access (DMA); the CPU handled every byte of data read or written. (a) Briefly describe the mechanism by

Early computers did not have Direct Memory Access (DMA); the CPU handled every byte of data read or written. (a) Briefly describe the mechanism by which these early computers handled non-DMA read operations. (b) What impact did the lack of DMA have on multiprogramming? Use diagrams if you feel they make your answers clearer.

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