Early Testarell lids Told Chimpanzees due TO SUIve COlliplex problemis, ke ming Sucks LUgeller to make a rake to gather food. In a 1978 study published in Science, Premack and Woodruff asked "To what extent does the chimpanzee comprehend the elements of a problem situation and potential solutions?" An adult chimpanzee (Sarah) was shown 30-second videotapes of a human actor struggling with one of several problems (for example, not able to reach bananas hanging from the ceiling, a record player not playing). Then Sarah was shown two photographs, one that depicted a solution to the problem (like stepping onto a box, plugging in the record player) and one that did not match that scenario. On seven of eight problems, the animal consistently chose the correct photograph. (a) Identify the observational units and variable in this study. (b) State the null and alternative hypotheses for testing whether Sarah is more likely to pick the correct photograph than if she was just randomly guessing between the two solutions each time. (c) Is it reasonable to model this study as a binomial process? Explain. (d) Determine the p-value for Sarah and provide a detailed interpretation of the p-value you find. (e) Summarize the conclusions you would draw from this study. Do you think Sarah got lucky or do you think something other than random chance was at play? How strong is the evidence