Effectively communicating the strategic vision down the line to lower-level managers and employees has the value of:

a. explaining "where we are going and why" and, more importantly, inspiring and energizing company personnel to unite to get the company moving in the intended direction

b. helping company personnel understand why making a profit and having a business plan are so important

c. making it easier for top executives to set and communicate the company's stretch objectives

d. helping lower-level managers and employees better understand the company's business model