Exercise $3-20($Static$)$ Effect of management decisions on ratios $[$LO$3-8]$

Most decisions made by management impact the ratios analysts use to evaluate performance. Indicate $($by letter$)$ whether each of the actions listed below will immediately increase $($I$),$ decrease $($D$),$ or have no effect $($N$)$ on the ratios shown. Assume each ratio is less than $1\mathrm{.}0$ before the action is taken.

$\backslash$table$[[$Action$,],[1.$ Issuance of long$-$term bonds,$],[2.$ Issuance of short$-$term notes,$],[3.$ Payment of accounts payable,$],[4.$ Purchase of inventory on account,$],[5.$ Purchase of inventory for cash,$],[6.$ Purchase of equipment with a $4-$year note,$],[7.$ Repayment of long$-$term notes payable,$],[8.$ Issuance of common stock,$],[9.$ Payment for advertising expense,$],[10.$ Purchase of short$-$term investment for cash,$],[11.$ Reclassification of long$-$term notes payable to current notes payable,$]]$