Explain in detail about $$

a$.$ Passed by value

b$.$ Passed by reference

c$.$ Passed by value$-$result.

$2)$ Consider the following program written in C syntax:

void swap$($int a$,$ int b$)\{$

int temp;

temp $=$ a;

a $=$ b;

b $=$ temp;

$\}$

void main$()\{$

int value $=2,$ list$[5]=\{1,3,5,7,9\}$;

swap$($value$,$ list$[0])$;

swap$($list$[0],$ list$[1])$;

swap$($value$,$ list$[$value$])$;

$\}$

For each of the following parameter$-$passing methods, what are all of the values of the

variables value and list after each of the three calls to swap? $1.$ Passed by value $2.$ Passed

by reference $3.$ Passed by value$-$result.

$3)$ Define shallow and deep binding with an example program.