Following is the question and my answer including the diagram.

Please check if it is correct and cover all requested questions including checking the diagram.

If anything should be removed/adjusted or added, please advise.

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Completeeachpartofthequestions.Since thegoalofmanyofthesequestionsistospecify thedetailsofa proposed experimental design,yourdescriptionsmust be clearand specific.

1. The Academy of Sports Medicine Physicians is interested in determining whetheranewtraining regimenwillhelplong-distancerunners improvetheir performanceinmarathons.Thisorganizationcomestoyouforsomeadviceon how to design an experiment to test whether this new regimen is more effective than the standard regimen. You have access to a sample of long- distance runners on the track teams at ten different universities. You hope to conduct the experiment over the course of two years because the regimen takesalongtimetolearnandbecauseyouwanttoincludenewrunnersinthe sample as they join the track team. You also believe that the effect of the regimen on performance may differ for men and women.

Yourchallengeisto designanexperiment that usesarandomizedapproachto measure the effect of the new regimen on performance. Remember, your design should take into account your concerns about different effects for men andwomenandshouldbesetupsothatnewsubjects canbeproperlyincluded in the experiment. Create an experiment that will address these concerns. Pay particular attention to the factors, explanatory and response variables, any blocks or matching characteristics, and the treatment conditions used in the experiment.Asmuchaspossible,usediagramsinstead ofwordstosummarize your experimental design. (6 points)

1. Objective: To test the effectiveness of a new training regimen for long-distance runners across different universities, with consideration for gender differences and the inclusion of new runners over a two-year period.
2. Explanatory Variable: Training regimen (new vs. standard)
3. Response Variable: Performance in marathons (measured by time improvements or race results)
4. Blocks: Gender (Male and Female), Within each block, runners are randomly assigned to either the new regimen (treatment group) or the standard regimen (control group).
5. Matching:

• Runners are matched based on gender to ensure that any gender-specific differences that could affect marathon performance are considered.
• The inclusion of runners from ten different universities allows for a broader representation of athletes, capturing a variety of training backgrounds, facilities, and coaching styles. Matching runners by their university also helps control for these environmental factors.
• 6. Design Overview:
• Replication: The experiment will be replicated across ten different universities to ensure generalizability and reduce chance variation.
• Control: The standard regimen serves as the control against which the new regimen serves as treatment.
• Randomization: Athletes from each university and gender will be randomly assigned to either the new regimen or the standard regimen over the two years. Randomization ensures the equal distribution of other potential influencing factors across the treatment and control groups. As the new runners join the track team, they will be also included in the experiment by being randomly assigned to the treatment or control group.
• This study should implement a randomized block design, considering the difference in effects between genders

7. Diagram