(a) Consider the conditions for chemical equilibrium in the reaction between nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas...

Transcribed Image Text:

(a) Consider the conditions for chemical equilibrium in the reaction between nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas to form ammonia gas. Nzco) + Hzc0) = NH3@) Starting from the definition of affinity, Affinity = Ecomponents Vili. and the chemical potential of a component k in an ideal gas mixture, He (p.T.y) = H (Po. T) + RTIn (P) derive an equation relating the mole fractions of the reactants and products, yk, to the equilibrium constant, K, for the reaction process at a pressure, p, and temperature, T, assuming ideal gas behaviour. [8 marks) (b) Consider the reaction: Naca) + C2H2@) = 2HCN@). A reactor feed contains only nitrogen and ethyne (acetylene) in their stoichiometric proportions. The reaction temperature selected is 573 K. Assuming ideal gas behaviour, estimate the extent of reaction at standard pressure, and hence the mole fractions of the reactants and products at equilibrium. At 573 K, AGeaction, = +30.1 kJ mol-1. [8 marks) (c) For mixtures of real gases, for which the ideal gas is used as the standard state, explain how fugacity and fugacity coefficients for the reactants and products can be used to correct the equilibrium constant for a reaction process. In your answer show how the equation you derived in part (a) would be changed. [4 marks] (a) Consider the conditions for chemical equilibrium in the reaction between nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas to form ammonia gas. Nzco) + Hzc0) = NH3@) Starting from the definition of affinity, Affinity = Ecomponents Vili. and the chemical potential of a component k in an ideal gas mixture, He (p.T.y) = H (Po. T) + RTIn (P) derive an equation relating the mole fractions of the reactants and products, yk, to the equilibrium constant, K, for the reaction process at a pressure, p, and temperature, T, assuming ideal gas behaviour. [8 marks) (b) Consider the reaction: Naca) + C2H2@) = 2HCN@). A reactor feed contains only nitrogen and ethyne (acetylene) in their stoichiometric proportions. The reaction temperature selected is 573 K. Assuming ideal gas behaviour, estimate the extent of reaction at standard pressure, and hence the mole fractions of the reactants and products at equilibrium. At 573 K, AGeaction, = +30.1 kJ mol-1. [8 marks) (c) For mixtures of real gases, for which the ideal gas is used as the standard state, explain how fugacity and fugacity coefficients for the reactants and products can be used to correct the equilibrium constant for a reaction process. In your answer show how the equation you derived in part (a) would be changed. [4 marks]

Answer rating: 100% (QA)

Required solution of all the parts are given below ... View the full answer