For most companies embarking on a quality cost program, management typically finds that actual costs, in order of highest to lowest, are:

Question $2$Answer

a$.$

internal failure, external failure, prevention, and appraisal.

b$.$

external failure, internal failure, appraisal, and prevention.

c$.$

external failure, prevention, internal failure, and appraisal.

d$.$

internal failure, prevention, external failure, and appraisal.