Formula sheet for Green Energy module. Work = Force x displacement: W = F . d, note that in this formula, the direction of the force and the direction of the displacement should be the same. Kinetic energy: K = = mv2 Gravitational potential energy: E = mgH Energy of light photon: E = hf , here, h is the Planck Constance 6.62607004 x 10-34 Is , f is the frequency of the light Unit of heat: 1 Calorie = 4.2 Joule Unit of energy in food: 1 food Calorie = 1000 Calorie = 4200 Joule Electrical potential energy of Q column of charge at potential V (in volt): E = QV, E is in the unit of Joule The definition of energy efficiency of a heat engine system: n = : Bout Qin The theoretical maximum efficiency of a heat engine is limited by the temperature of the steam nmax = 1 - Th Th is the temperature of hot steam or burning gas, To is the temperature of cool steam or exhaust gas. Both temperatures must be in the Kelvin scale. Temperature in Kelvin = Temperature in Celsius + 273 Hydro power, the power output from the water turbine is: Pout = npgQH p is water density, the drop of the water level is H, the water flow through the turbine is Q ( in the unit of m per sec), 7 is the electricity generation efficiency of turbine Wind turbine output power: Pout = Pin = =PAv3 p = 1.22 kg/m' is air density, A = TRZ is the wind accepting area of wind turbine. R is the length of the blades, R sometime also given as the radius of the turbine. v is the wind speed Electrical Energy or Electricity: E = Power x time If the "power" is in the unit of watt, and the "time" is in the unit of second, your electrical energy result will be in the unit of Joule, or J If the power is in the unit of kilowatt (KW) and time is in the unit of hour, your electrical energy result will be in the unit of KWh. 1 KWh = 3,600,000 J = 3.6 MJ 1.0 MJ = 0.28 KWh Annual Electricity produced by a solar panel = Solar Energy Potential x Area of the panel x Panel Efficiency 1 year = 365 days = 365 x 24 hours = 8760 hours Producing (or consuming) 1 KiloWatt power for 1 year = 1 KW x 8760 hours = 8769 KWh of energy (or electricity) Remember that watt (W) or kilo-watt (KW) is the unit of power, which indicates the rate (how fast) energy or electricity is consumed/produced. KWh is the unit c y (or electriQuestion 13 (1 point} Calculate the maximum theoretical efficiency of a gas engine whose combustion reaction producing gas at 1.199 \"C and exhaust at 177 C. Your Answer: Answer Question 14 {1 point} You are curious about how the human heart is able to pump blood up to the brain while standing up. considering the blood is flowing against gravity. Suppose that the vertical distance from your heart to your brain is about 48 cm. If. at every heart beat, 0.14 kg of blood is pumped to the brain. What is the amount of work done to this amount of blood by the heart to overcome gravity? Hint, the amount of work equals to the change of gravitational potential energy of this 0.14 kg of blood. (g=9.8 m/sXS) Your Answer: _:] Answer units