Frequen Machine M2- Instructi on Class Machine MI CyclevInstructi on Class Cycles/Instructi on Class 60% 30% 10% A. (a) Calculate the avernge CPI for each machine MI and M2 (3 marks) (b) Calculate the average marks) MIPS ratings for each machine, M1 and M2. (3 ? Which individual instruction class CPI this machine have the same or (e) Which machine has a smaller MIPS rating do you need to change, and by how much, to have better performance as the machine with the higher MIPS rating (you can only change the CPI for one of the instruction classes on the slower machine)? SECTION C Answer THREE (B) questions in this Section] Question 1 i) Explain Moore's law. (2 marks) i) Outline two differences between computer architecture and computer organization. (4 marks) iii) List and briefly define the main structural components of the CPU. (4 marks) iv) List two memory classifications based on physical types and give one example each? (4 marks) v) Using table format, list and group the Semiconductor Memory Types based on the following headings: Memory Type, Category, Erasure, Write Mechanism, and Volatility (6 marks) 120 marks] Question 2 i. Why is interfacing module needed for I/O devices? (4 marks) ii. Write short notes on the following (a) Main memory (b) Cache (c) Hardware (d) Software. (4 marks) ili. Explain what is meant by cache miss and cache hit. (4 marks) iv. Under cache memory, what do you understand by Locality of reference? (4 marks) v. What is the main difference between Von Neumann and Harvard architecture? (4 mark) Question 3 120 marks i) State and give examples of the two different dimensions under which Operating systems can be categorized. (4 marks) ii) What is a bus? Why is data bus bi-directional? (4 marks) iii) Write short notes on magnetic disk. (4 marks) iv) Explain the concept of pipelining? (3 marks) v) Why does memory hierarchy concept important to memory designers