Generaly, nuning effectwe meetings wolves actions before, during, and affer meetings. Before meetings, the meeting leader should Previde clear expectations for meeting participants $-$ what they shocild have done prior to the meeting and what they can expect in terts of combent and length of the meeting. Once the meeting arrives, you have several options for achieving productive outcomes: set expectabions and follow the agenda. keep the discussion focused on agenda items and stick to allotted times, encourage participation and expression of ideas, and build consensus and a plan of action. In scme meetinas, meeting leaders must also deat with difficul pecole $-$ thote meeting participants who consistently display negative attisudes, refuse to participate, or otherwise hinder the productwisy of the meeting. Meeting leaders must find ways to redirect meetings to focus on a clear agenda, goals, and roles. Somecne should keep minutes of the meeting and distribute them following the meeting.