Grace Pennig has seen the Caduceus Group, a not$-$for$-$profit, in$-$home health care organization, grow during the past $10$ years to a $$500$ million revenue, multi$-$state organization. Grace was promoted to her controller position six months ago, after serving capably in several financial accounting positions at the Caduceus Group.

At a Budget Review Committee meeting last Friday, several committee members expressed frustration with the pace of the budget development. They described the newly introduced "bottom up$"$ system of participative budgeting as "unwieldy," "slow$-$paced," and "repetitive." Grace's objective in introducing the participative approach was to involve to a much greater extent lower level supervisors and employees. Grace is meeting with the Budget Review Committee again tomorrow when she plans to explain the advantages of "bottom up$"$ versus "top down" approaches to the budgeting process.

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