1. Assess the limiting factors that impacts the economics of heat pumps. For instance, consider the...
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1. Assess the limiting factors that impacts the economics of heat pumps. For instance, consider the following aspects: Low temperature medium effect Supplementary heating system or innovative solutions Heat pump in areas that have larger cooling load (geographical location) Installation costs (i.e., pipes, elbow, compressor, condenser, evaporators and valves) Geothermal network configuration (i.e., length, loops number and depth) Heat pump efficiency falls significantly at low temperature, a decrease in the outdoor temperature lowers the heating capacity. Sizing the HP system based on the peak loads can lead to very high initial investment costs due to the increased total length of the Ground Heat Exchanger (GHEX). The use of a hybrid system allows reducing the peak ground loads and can, therefore, result in higher economic savings compared to a univalent system. The hybrid system is the most economical solution compared to conventional ones. Total and operating costs are higher for the only-heating load since the absence of the cooling load means that there is little thermal regeneration in the ground. (Heat pump are most effective in the area that has large cooling load) Implementing high-efficient HPs is the most cost-effective option for realizing savings in energy consumption. It is also very important to correctly size the building loads in order to not overestimate the required HP-capacity to don't buy overpriced and Installation costs especially compressors, condensers, and evaporators. As the ground thermal conductivity decreases there is an increase of the length of the boreholes due to the smaller heat transfer per unit of length and, as consequences, operating costs (pumping costs) and also investment costs (especially drilling "for depths" costs but also piping costs) increased, and the total length of the Ground Heat Exchanger needs to have a larger size and more loops compared to the case of a balanced load and, therefore, a higher initial cost, the overall economic and environmental feasibility of the HP decreases. 1. Assess the limiting factors that impacts the economics of heat pumps. For instance, consider the following aspects: Low temperature medium effect Supplementary heating system or innovative solutions Heat pump in areas that have larger cooling load (geographical location) Installation costs (i.e., pipes, elbow, compressor, condenser, evaporators and valves) Geothermal network configuration (i.e., length, loops number and depth) Heat pump efficiency falls significantly at low temperature, a decrease in the outdoor temperature lowers the heating capacity. Sizing the HP system based on the peak loads can lead to very high initial investment costs due to the increased total length of the Ground Heat Exchanger (GHEX). The use of a hybrid system allows reducing the peak ground loads and can, therefore, result in higher economic savings compared to a univalent system. The hybrid system is the most economical solution compared to conventional ones. Total and operating costs are higher for the only-heating load since the absence of the cooling load means that there is little thermal regeneration in the ground. (Heat pump are most effective in the area that has large cooling load) Implementing high-efficient HPs is the most cost-effective option for realizing savings in energy consumption. It is also very important to correctly size the building loads in order to not overestimate the required HP-capacity to don't buy overpriced and Installation costs especially compressors, condensers, and evaporators. As the ground thermal conductivity decreases there is an increase of the length of the boreholes due to the smaller heat transfer per unit of length and, as consequences, operating costs (pumping costs) and also investment costs (especially drilling "for depths" costs but also piping costs) increased, and the total length of the Ground Heat Exchanger needs to have a larger size and more loops compared to the case of a balanced load and, therefore, a higher initial cost, the overall economic and environmental feasibility of the HP decreases.
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Related Book For
Fundamentals of Thermodynamics
ISBN: 978-0471152323
6th edition
Authors: Richard E. Sonntag, Claus Borgnakke, Gordon J. Van Wylen
Posted Date:
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