Heritage, M$.(2007).$ Formative assessment: What do teachers need to know and do$?.$ Phi Delta Kappan, $89(2),140-145.$

$1.$ What does it mean to say that $$assessment and teaching are reciprocal activities$?$

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$2.$ What does the authors say needs to be true for assessment to be valuable for instructional planning?

$3.$ What is formative assessment?

$4.$ The authors break formative assessment down into $3$ categories. Identify each category and describe how assessment is done in each.

$5.$ Give two examples of $$planned interactions$$ that you could implement as part of your lesson $($the lesson you have described in previous assignments$)?$

$6.$ The authors identify $4$ core elements of formative assessment. Identify and describe each element.

$7.$ Identify three types of feedback information that your focus learner would benefit from while he or she engages in independent and guided practice in your lesson. Explain how he or she might use each type of feedback information.

$8.$ The authors identify four skills teachers need for the successful implementation of formative assessment.

a$.$ Describe numbers $3$ & $4($interpret the evidence, and match their instruction to the gap$)$

b$.$ Describe what you will look for in the assessment data you collect $$ how might you interpret the evidence?

c$.$ Describe how you plan to math instruction $($or make adjustments to your instruction$)$ based on the assessment data from your Focus Learner$)$