Homework:Homework #6 (Chapters 10 & 11)

Question 17, Exercise 11.CE.48 Contrast baths

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Contrast bath treatments use the immersion of an injured limb alternately in water of two contrasting temperatures. Those who use the method claim that it can reduce swelling. Researchers compared three treatments: (1) contrast baths and exercise, (2) contrast baths alone, and (3) exercise alone. They report the boxplots to the right, comparing the change in hand volume after treatment. Answer parts a through c below.

1) The researchers conclude that the differences were not statistically significant. Explain what that means in context

a) There is no evidence that the changes in swelling were different among the three treatments. Contrast baths, with or without exercise, did not appear to reduce swelling any more than exercise alone.

b) There is evidence that the three treatments have no effect since the differences between the isolated treatments and the combined treatment are not statistically different. All three treatments appear to be useless for reducing swelling.

c) There is evidence that the changes in swelling were different among the three treatments, but not enough data to tell which treatment was most effective. All three treatments appear to cause an unknown but unequal reduction in swelling.

d) There is no evidence that the changes in swelling were different among the three treatments. The experiment should be run again with more subjects.