How is a hostile work environment different from an adverse employment action?

$q,$

Getting fired is an example of a hostile work environment while being demoted is an example of an adverse employment action.

Both hostile work environments and adverse employment actions are not protected under the ADEA. $q,$

The ADEA protects those subject to a hostile work environment, but offers no protections from adverse employment actions. $q,$

A hostile work environment is created through behavior and actions a reasonable person would find offensive; an adverse employment action represents a change in the terms or conditions of employment that adversely impacts the employee.