How much genotypic variation do you find in the randomly picked parents of your crosses?

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How much in the offspring?

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Pool all of the offspring from your five replicates. How much phenotypic variation do you find?

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Is the ratio of observed phenotypes the same as the ratio of predicted phenotypes? Why or why not?

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What is the difference between genes and alleles?

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How might protein synthesis execute differently if a mutation occurs?

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Organisms heterozygous for a recessive trait are often called carriers of that trait. What does that mean?

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In peas, green pods $($G$)$ are dominant over yellow pods. If a homozygous dominant plant is crossed with a homozygous recessive plant, what will be the phenotype of the F$1$ generation? If two plants from the F$1$ generation are crossed, what will the phenotype of their offspring be$?$

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Part $3$: Dihybrid Cross

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How similar are the observed phenotypes in each replicate?

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How similar are they if you pool your data from each of the five replicates?

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Is it closer or further from your prediction?

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Did the results from the monohybrid or dihybrid cross most closely match your predicted ratio of phenotypes?

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Based on these results; what would you expect if you were looking at a cross of $5,10,20$ independently sorted genes?

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Why is it so expensive to produce a hybrid plant seed?

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In certain bacteria, an oval shape $($O$)$ is dominant over round $($o$)$ and thick cell walls $($T$)$ are dominant over thin $($t$).$ Show a cross between a heterozygous oval, thick cell walled bacteria with a round, thin cell walled bacteria. What are the phenotype of the F$1$ and F$2$ offspring?

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