How should work activities be subdivided into separate jobs $($i$.$e$.,$ what tasks need to be done and what jobs need to be covered$)($work specialization$)?$

How should these jobs be grouped together $($departmentalization$)?$

Who reports to whom $($chain of command$)?$

How many employees should report to any one manager $($span of control$)?$

Who has the authority to make decisions $($centralization$/$decentralization$)?$

How do formal rules and regulations direct employees and managers actions $($formalization$)$