I know the steps and by looking at the solution from the internet I am unable to get the accurate answer below for these questions how do you calculate below:

1.(3 x 1.01 x 10^5=0.5(4.6423)u2

2. (0.046423-0.01225)=(4.6423)(361.298)(pi*d2/4)(60)

A typical automobile tire has a gas volume of about 10 liters. If a tire is inflated with air to 3 atm gauge, and the temperature is 30C, what size hole, in mm, is required to deflate the tire to 1atm absolute in 1 minute? Assume that the initial gas discharge rate when the hole is first formed is constant during the entire deflation process and that the tire volume is unchanged