${?}_{{?}_{{?}_{?}}{?}_i\text{m}\text{p}\text{r}\text{o}\text{v}\text{e}\text{s}\text{d}\text{a}\text{t}\text{a}\text{b}\text{a}\text{s}\text{e}\text{e}\text{f}\text{f}\text{i}\text{c}\text{i}\text{e}\text{n}\text{c}\text{y}byeliminating\text{r}\text{e}\text{d}\text{u}\text{n}\text{d}\text{a}\text{n}\text{t}\text{d}\text{a}\text{t}\text{a}\text{a}\text{n}\text{d}\text{e}\text{n}\text{s}\text{u}\text{r}\text{i}\text{n}\text{g}\text{t}\text{h}\text{a}\text{t}\text{o}\text{n}\text{l}\text{y}\text{r}\text{e}\text{l}\text{a}\text{t}\text{e}\text{d}\text{d}\text{a}\text{t}\text{a}is\text{s}\text{t}\text{o}\text{r}\text{e}\text{d}in\text{a}\text{t}\text{a}\text{b}\text{l}\text{e}\text{.}}$

Question $5$ options:

Optimization

Fragmentation

Normalization

Encapsulation