1. i) What do we mean by Pareto efficiency? ii) What is a market failure? iii) Have you ever encounter a situation where the allocation was not efficient? iv) Efficiency is not the same than equity. Explain the difference v) (Difficult) Why efficiency is a commonly used as an objective for public policy (more than equity). (Hint: think about which type of policies will be easier to pass in the congress?) vi) One hundred people are distributed in two beaches. In Beach A, there are 98 people (A = 98), while in Beach B only 2 (B = 2). Is this allocation efficient? Is equalitarian? (assume that people are more happy if the beach is less crowded). vii) Answer to the same questions with (A = 100, B = 0) and with (A = 50, B = 50). viii) Find an allocation that is NOT Pareto efficient an NOT equalitarian (Hint: you might need more than one beach).

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i Pareto efficiency refers to a state of allocation where it is not possible to make any individual better off without making someone else worse off In other words an allocation is Pareto efficient if ... View the full answer