In $2008,$ expecting a famine, the South Sudan government paid nearly $$1$ million, according to a $2013$ report by the voice of America for cereals that were never delivered. This is known as the "Dura Saga," after the South Sudanese name for sorghum,$$dura$.$World bank auditors found in February $2013$ that $290$ firms were paid without ever having signed a contract, and another $151$ firms were overpaid significantly. A criminal probe launched in the wake of this audit sought to ascertain why the contractors were paid for goods that never arrived, why the prices were so high, and if government officials were involved in the scandal. The investigation was to be led by Prosecutor General Filberto Mayout Mareng.

A February $2012$ report by the$$Sudan Tribune$$described the Dura Saga as the largest and most costly corruption scandal in South Sudan since the nation's founding in $2005$ and maintained that it involved the disappearance of not just one million but several billion dollars that had been allocated for the building and repair of grain stores and the purchase of grain.

In a June $2012$ article, Dr$.$ Jok Madut Jok, Under Secretary of the National Ministry of Culture, put the missing amount at $$4$ million and added the funds are somewhere among the traders who falsely claimed to have delivered the grain, the governors who lied about the grain delivery or were criminally negligent, or the ministers of finance in Juba who approved payments for more than double the national budget.

A list of $81$ fake companies that had allegedly been involved in the scandal was posted online in January $2013,$ along with appropriated amounts for each firm ranging from $400,000$to $2,000,000$SSP$.$Among those blamed for the scandal were Michael Makuei Lueth, Parliamentary Affairs minister, whose then$-$ministry had registered the companies, and Benjamin Bol Mel, chairman of the Chamber of Commerce and owner of the ABMC construction company, who wrote to President Kiir to insist payment for the bogus contracts.

$1.$ What caused the scandal

$2.$Different forms in which fraud occurred in the scandal

$3.$What stage of procurement had anormallies and what the anormallies were

$4.$And what was not done right according to the scandal

$5.$Based on the facts, what could$$ve been done differently to avoid the scandal

$6.$What impact did the scandal did it have on the different stakeholders