In a ring topology, each device has a dedicated point$-$to$-$point connection with only the two devices on either side of it$.$ A signal is passed along the ring in one direction from device to

device, until it reaches its destination. Each device in the ring incorporates a repeater. When a device receives a signal intended for another device, its repeater regenerates the bits and passes them along $($Lammle$,2006).$

A ring is relatively easy to install and reconfigure. Each device is linked to only its immediate neighbors $($either physically or logically$).$ To add or delete a device requires changing only two connections.

The only constraints are media and traffic considerations $($maximum ring length and number of devices$).$ In addition, fault isolation is simplified.

Generally, in a ring a signal is circulating at all times. If one device does not receive a signal within a specified period, it can issue an alarm. The alarm alerts the network operator to the problem and its location. An advantage of using this kind of topology is that there is no chance of collisions of data packets. However if any one link inside the network fails, the whole network is impacted.

Layer $2$ Switches connected to each other in Building A is an example of ring topology. PARAPHRASE THIS FOR ME IN SIMPLE WORDS