In Chapter $4,$ Farazmand $(2002)$ discusses the concept that organizations, public or private, small or large are directed, controlled, and dominated by a few whose decisions and non$-$decisions not only affect the entire organization and its members but also are in accordance with their political and economic elite's overall goals and directions, referred as:

a$.$ Public Interest Groups

b$.$ Union Groups

c$.$ Organizational Elite

d$.$ Academic Elite