In information security, a buffer overflow involving a local variable can cause a program to overwrite memory beyond the buffers allocated space in the stack, which can have dangerous consequences. In a stack-based buffer overflow, an attacker could overwrite local variables adjacent in memory to the buffer, which could result in unexpected behaviour. An example of a C program that has a stack buffer overflow vulnerability is shown in the code fragment:

#include int main(int argc, char * argv[])

{ //Create a buffer on the stack char buf[256];

//Does not check length of buffer before copying argument

strcpy(buf,argv[1]);

//Print the content of the buffer

printf(%s ,buf);

return 1;

}

Rewrite the code to fix the buffer overflow flaw in this code fragment. Explain your idea.