In its most recent assessment, Moody's Investors Service reported that Malaysia had a substantially higher external debt

Fantastic news! We've Found the answer you've been seeking!

Question:

In its most recent assessment, Moody's Investors Service reported that Malaysia had a substantially higher external debt to GDP ratio than the other main countries in the region, at 66 percent in 2015, compared to 32 percent in Thailand, for example. Since 2009, the ratio has increased by 11 percentage points, and Malaysia now has the region's second-highest external vulnerability indicator (EVI), behind Mongolia (Damodaran 2016). According to the IMF, Malaysia's household debt-to-GDP ratio remained high, rising to 89.1 percent in 2015 from 86.8 percent the previous year. As a result, utilizing public-private partnerships (PPPs) for infrastructure development in the Malaysian public sector is critical in reducing the country's debt burden.

According to the World Bank, Malaysia's average annual PPP investment from 2011 to 2015 was US$883 million, while in 2015, the investment was $2,675 million, a 203 percent increase (World Bank Group 2015). PPP agreements have enabled the development of toll motorways, ports, airports, flood tunnels, and government office buildings in Malaysia, among other things. Malaysia had completed 698 PPP projects as of December 2014 (Chief Secretary to the Government of Malaysia 2015)

Discuss the TEN (10) projects in Malaysia that are part of a public-private partnership.