In java use Monte Carlo simulation to estimate the value of the

mathematical constant e$,$ the base of the natural logarithm.

The idea is to simulate a continuous process using discrete

steps, much like compound interest, and estimate the value of

e$.$

Input:

The number of discrete steps $($N$)$ for the simulation, which can

be used to control the granularity of the simulation.

Output:

The estimated value of e and the absolute error $($the absolute

difference between the estimated value and the actual value of

e$,$ which is approximately $2\mathrm{.}71828)$

$2.$ Use Monte Carlo simulation to estimate the value of PI$.$

Generate points within a square and determine the ratio of

points that fall within the inscribed circle to the total number of

points. This ratio is used to estimate PI$.$

Input:

The number of random points to generate $($N$)$

Output:

The estimated value of PI