In order to run a query, a typical DBMS must receive specific commands telling it wha do$,$ usually written in a query language. What usually interacts with the DBMS to ente these commands?

Users $($manually writing code themselves$)$

Text files $($previously recorded and "played back" to the database$)$

Applications $($the program stores and$/$or writes the query for the user$)$

Web browsers $($which are always used to directly access a DBMS$)$