In the 1980's, Microsoft Windows was the dominant computer operating system. Accordingly, it sold significantly more devices than Apple. Software developers like Turb0 Ta recognized the opportunity that Microsoft had. These software developers had an incentive to add value to Microsoft's product, and thus created programs specifically designed to run on Windows operating systems. In turn, these software developers made significant profits through Microsoft. This scenario describes which of the following types network effects?

two-sided

direct

omni-channel

or indirect

Sheridan uses the JustPark app in Liverpool, UK. By joining the platform, the JustPark app now offers an improved service in Liverpool, where parking spaces are sparse. However, by joining the app, Sheridan did not improve the service in other parts of the country, because their parking space is located in Liverpool, and this is where it's rented when they're not using it. This scenario describes which of the following types of network effects?

two-way

demand generating

indirect

local

please help :(